新的研究揭示了与过量服用相关的心脏骤停的惊人结果
By American Heart Association News
People whose hearts suddenly stop due to a drug overdose are younger, 与那些院外心脏骤停是由其他原因引起的患者相比，健康问题更少，神经系统问题更少, new research shows.
The study, published Wednesday in the Journal of the American Heart Association, 发现与药物相关的心脏骤停也不太可能被他人目击，也不太可能出现对除颤器电击有反应的心律震荡.
“许多社区面临着药物过量增加的持续挑战, which tend to affect a younger, healthier population," lead study author Aditya C. Shekhar said in a news release. Shekhar是纽约市西奈山伊坎医学院的一名医学生. "Given the recent increases in drug overdose-associated deaths, 更好地了解这些类型的心脏骤停以及如何治疗它们具有巨大的公共卫生利益."
Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart suddenly stops beating. Roughly 350,000 cardiac arrests occur outside the hospital each year, according to the American Heart Association. 其中大多数是由于心脏病发作或心脏电问题, 但与阿片类药物过量相关的心脏骤停是25至64岁成年人死亡的主要原因.
从心脏骤停中存活下来的人可能会有脑损伤、内脏损伤和其他问题.
使用来自国家心脏骤停登记处的数据来提高生存率, or CARES, database, 研究人员将院外因药物过量引起的心脏骤停与其他原因引起的心脏骤停进行了比较. 在2017年至2021年的36万例心脏骤停中，8%是由药物过量引起的. 与药物有关的心脏骤停包括有意和意外用药过量, legal and illegal drugs and alcohol.
大多数与药物相关的心脏骤停患者(约95%)最初都有非震荡性心律, meaning one that would not respond to a defibrillator, compared to 79% of those whose hearts stopped for other reasons. 然而，他们更有可能存活下来，并有更好的神经预后.
当第一个节奏是电击时，两组的存活率相似.
与其他原因导致心脏骤停的人相比，与过量服用相关的心脏骤停的人在没有帮助的情况下恢复独立生活和日常生活活动的可能性是后者的两倍.
People who experienced overdose-related cardiac arrests were younger, 他们的平均年龄为39岁，而因其他原因心脏停止跳动的人的平均年龄为64岁. They also had fewer health conditions, such as Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, kidney disease, heart disease, respiratory disease, high cholesterol or stroke.
“我们惊讶地发现，药物相关性心脏骤停导致的非震荡性心律患者的存活率和神经系统预后明显更好, even after controlling for age and other factors," senior study author Dr. Ryan A. Coute said in the release. 库特是阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校希尔辛克医学院急诊医学助理教授.
“我们的研究表明，不同的心脏骤停原因有其独特的特征, as a result, have different trends in their outcomes. 可能越来越需要用不同的技术来治疗不同的心脏骤停原因," he said.
分析还显示，只有五分之一的与药物有关的心脏骤停是由旁观者目睹的, compared to nearly half of those due to other causes.
谢卡尔指出，接受旁观者心肺复苏术对一个人的生存机会起着至关重要的作用.
"When someone has a cardiac arrest, their brain is starved of oxygen, and brain cells begin dying off within minutes," he said. “实施心肺复苏术已经被证明可以通过帮助血液快速进入大脑来显著改善心脏骤停的结果."